Inkundla yezindaba zobuchwepheshe i-informationweek ishicilele izolo (11 Agasti) umbhalo webhulogi, ibika ukuthi njengoba umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni wonke ubhekene negagasi lokudilizwa kwabasebenzi elibangelwe umthelela we-AI, ezinye izinkampani seziqala ukubuyisa abasebenzi ezazibadilizile.
Mayelana nomthelela olethwe yi-AI, ngokocwaningo lwe-Federal Reserve Bank yase-Atlanta, cishe u-90% wabaphathi bezinkampani bakholelwa ukuthi i-AI ayikakhuphuli ukukhiqiza kwezinkampani zabo. Ubufakazi obukhona buphinde bubonise ukuthi izici ezikhuphule ukukhiqiza kwezinkampani kusukela ngo-2021 akuzange kube yi-AI, kodwa ikakhulukazi umsebenzi oqhelile ngesikhathi sobhubhane. Ishadi elifanele liboniswe ngezansi:
Umbiko wocwaningo uveza ukuthi izinyathelo ezi-2 ezinkulu ezithathwa abaphathi bezinkampani ukukhuphula inani lenkampani ukudiliza abasebenzi nokutshala imali kubuchwepheshe be-AI. Umqondo ongemuva kwalokho uwukuthi i-AI yenza abasebenzi basebenze kahle kakhulu, ngakho ngenani elifanayo lemisebenzi kungancishiswa isibalo sabasebenzi.
Lolu cwaningo luhlaziye ngokuhlanganyela imininingwane yezinkampani zaseMelika ezisohlwini lwamasheya eminyakeni engu-5 edlule. Isampula lalihlanganisa izigidi zamazwana mayelana nokwaneliseka emsebenzini, izinkulungwane zemibiko yokusebenza kwezimali kwezinkampani, amakhulu ezimemezelo zokutshalwa kwezimali ku-AI kanye nezimemezelo zokudilizwa kwabasebenzi. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi njengoba kwanda imvamisa yezimemezelo zokutshalwa kwezimali ku-AI, kwanda kanyekanye nezimemezelo zokudilizwa kwabasebenzi ngenxa ye-AI.
Kodwa imakethe ayihlali ikwamukela lokhu. Imiphumela yocwaningo ibonise ukuthi ngemva kokushicilelwa kwezimemezelo zokudilizwa kwabasebenzi, inzuzo emaphakathi yemakethe yamasheya yayisondele ku-0. Nakuba ezinye izinkampani, njengeplathifomu yobuchwepheshe bezezimali i-Block, zingathola ukwenyuka kwentengo yamasheya ngenxa “yokudiliza abasebenzi zisebenzisa i-AI”, sekukonke, ukusabela kwemakethe emicimbini engaphezu kwengxenye bekungekuhle noma kusondele ku-0. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi izinqumo ezinjalo zingase zibe nezindleko ezinkulu ezifihlekile.
Ucwaningo luphinde lwagxila emizweni yabasebenzi. Ababhali bahlaziye izigidi zamazwana abasebenzi ku-Glassdoor.com (iwebhusayithi yokubuyekezwa kwezindawo zokusebenza), bathola ukuthi amazwana ahlobene ne-AI ayemabi kakhulu ngokusobala kunamazwana ajwayelekile.
Imizwa engemihle yayivela ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezi-4 zokukhathazeka: ubungozi bokudilizwa, ukuntuleka koqeqesho, amathuba ambalwa okuthuthukisa amakhono, ukuphathwa kabi kwe-AI ezinkampanini, kanye nokungabaza ukuthi i-AI ingakukhuphula ngempela yini ukusebenza kahle.
Ukukhathazeka ngokuvikeleka komsebenzi (job security) kwakunamandla kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwabonisa ukuthi lapho inkampani imemezela ukudilizwa kwabasebenzi ngenxa ye-AI, imizwa yabasebenzi nge-AI yehla kakhulu.
Ngokuphambene nabasebenzi, abaphathi babenombono ohlukile. Ababhali bahlaziye amarekhodi angaba ngu-10,000 ezingxoxo zezingcingo zokubika imiphumela yezimali, bathola ukuthi indlela abaphathi ababekhuluma ngayo nge-AI yayihlala inethemba. Nokho, leli themba lalingahlobene kakhulu nokukhiqiza. Okuthinta ngempela ukuthi i-AI ingaletha yini ukwanda kokusebenza kahle akuzona izitatimende zethemba zabaphathi, kodwa ezimweni eziningi ukuthi abasebenzi bazimisele yini ukusebenzisa i-AI emsebenzini wabo wansuku zonke.
Kwabasebenzi abaningi, ukudilizwa ngokwakho sekudale umthelela oqondile, kanti i-AI ibonwa njengesizathu sokuthatha indawo yabasebenzi, okwandisa nakakhulu umuzwa wokungavikeleki. Idatha ye-layoffs.fyi ibonisa ukuthi ngo-2025 abantu abangaphezu kuka-122,000 emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe badilizwa, kwathi ngo-2026 abanye abantu abangu-126,000 balahlekelwa imisebenzi.
Esimweni sokudilizwa kwabasebenzi ngezinga elikhulu emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe, ezinye izinkampani zibhekene nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “i-AI boomerang”, futhi seziqala ukuqasha kabusha abanye abasebenzi ezazibadilizile. Ezinye izinkampani zithole ukuthi njengoba ziqhubekisela phambili ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-AI, kwezinye izimo zisadinga abasebenzi abanolwazi olunzulu.
Nokho, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi nakuba izinkampani ziphoqeleka ukuphinda ziqashe abasebenzi bakudala ngenxa yezidingo zangempela, ukwethembana phakathi kwezinhlangothi zombili sekuphukile. Ngisho noma abasebenzi ababuyisiwe sebebambe iqhaza futhi ekusebenzeni kwenkampani, basakhathazeka ngokuthi bangadilizwa kwelinye igagasi lokudilizwa. Leli gebe lokwethembana alikwazi ukuvalwa ngemali.
Ukuqasha abasebenzi abasha nakho kunezindleko. Isikhulu esiphezulu se-180 Engineering, uJoe Coletta, sithi ukuqeqesha umsebenzi omusha aze akwazi ukusebenza kahle kuvamise ukubiza cishe izikhathi ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2 zomholo wonyaka womsebenzi wangaphambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzi abasha abanalo ulwazi olwanele, ukuvumelana kweqembu kusadinga ukwakhiwa, futhi abakwazi ukuthatha indawo yolwazi “lwemisebenzi efihlekile” olungabhalwanga.
Ezikhundleni eziphezulu noma ezidinga ubuchwepheshe obuthile, inqubo yokuqasha ivamise ukuthatha izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6. Okukhathaza nakakhulu ukuthi izinkampani eziningi sezicekele phansi uchungechunge lwamakhono abantu abasezingeni lokuqala, okwenza kungabi bikho abalandela izikhundla ezisezingeni eliphakathi.
UJack Mellor, isikhulu esiphezulu se-Personnel Checks, uphinde waveza ukuthi ukufaka umuntu onolwazi esikhundleni kuvame ukubiza “izinkulungwane zamaphawundi”. Uma umsebenzi wangaphambili ephethe ulwazi olubalulekile lwenhlangano, izindleko ziba phezulu nakakhulu.