Ngokombiko wephephandaba laseBrithani i-Guardian wangomhla zingama-27, ucwaningo olwenziwe yinkampani yokumaketha kwedijithali i-Hallam lubonisa ukuthi izithombe zodokotela ezikhiqizwe yi-AI zisabalalisa izeluleko zezempilo ezingabazekayo ku-TikTok, kanti amavidiyo adumile angafinyelela ezigidini zokubukwa.
Ochwepheshe abahlanganisa uDkt. Emma · Runswick, iphini likamongameli womkhandlu weBritish Medical Association, uProfesa Frankie · South, umqondisi kazwelonke wezokwelapha weNational Health Service yase-England, uProfesa Victoria · Zozziou · Brown, umongameli weRoyal College of General Practitioners yaseBrithani, u-Alex · Ruani, umcwaningi wolwazi olungelona iqiniso kwezempilo e-University College London, kanye noWilliam · Pate, umqondisi obambile wenqubomgomo nezindaba zomphakathi weHealthwatch England, baxwayisa ngokuthi izimangalo zezempilo ezidukisayo ku-inthanethi ziyingozi enkulu ekuphepheni komphakathi.
URunswick uveze ukuthi amanye ama-akhawunti e-AI athengisa amanga ezokwelapha futhi akhuthaze lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izindlela zokwelapha eziyisimangaliso, okungadala imiphumela emibi. Uxwayise wathi izinkundla ezifana ne-TikTok kumele ziqinise imizamo yokunqanda izeluleko zezokwelapha ezingamanga eziyingozi ezikhulayo. Uma kungenjalo, umphakathi ungakhokha ngempilo yawo, noma ulahlekelwe ngisho nayimpilo.
Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi odokotela abangokoqobo be-AI basabalalisa izimangalo eziningi ezibangela umdlavuza esezike zaphikiswa, okuhlanganisa ukufudumeza ukudla ezitsheni zepulasitiki ku-microwave, ukusebenzisa iziqedaphunga, kanye nokubeka umakhalekhukhwini eduze komuntu ngesikhathi elele, okuthiwa kungadala umdlavuza.
ICancer Research UK yaziphikisa zonke lezi zimangalo ngayinye ngayinye.
Okuqukethwe okukhiqizwe yi-AI kwakha u-40% wamavidiyo ezempilo adumile ku-TikTok. Amavidiyo amaningi avela kuma-akhawunti osaziwayo abangama-deepfake anda njalo, abonakala futhi azethule njengodokotela bangempela. Lapho kuseshwa amagama athile afana nokuthi “izeluleko zezempilo”, u-84% wamavidiyo wahlonzwa njengokhiqizwe yi-AI noma owenziwe ngosizo lwe-AI.
IHallam ithe odokotela be-AI namavidiyo ezempilo athole ukuthandwa okukhulu emiphumeleni yosesho bathole isilinganiso sokubukwa esiyizigidi ezingu-2.5. Ngemva kokuba i-Guardian ithumele amasampula amanye amavidiyo ku-TikTok, i-TikTok yehlisa amavidiyo akhonjwe.
Amanye ama-akhawunti aphinde athengise amakhambi ezempilo angenangqondo, njengokuxuba i-Coca-Cola no-anyanisi ukuze kuqedwe ubuhlungu, noma ukwethula umkhiqizo oqanjiwe othi “Hyalethinap Plus Pro Max” njengomkhiqizo wokulwa nokuguga.
Omunye udokotela ongokoqobo we-AI wathi iminyaka eminingi wayencoma “Hyalethinap Plus Pro Max” ezigulini. Le akhawunti ithi lo mkhiqizo ungasiza umzimba “ukukhiqiza ngokwemvelo ama-molecule alwa nokuguga”, uthuthukise ukulahleka kwezinwele, ukuba buthaka kwesikhumba, ukuqhekeka kalula kwezinzipho nobuhlungu bamalunga. I-Guardian ayitholanga bufakazi ku-inthanethi obuqinisekisa ukuthi “Hyalethinap Plus Pro Max” ikhona ngempela.
USouth uthe ephendula ngemiphumela yocwaningo: “Ukwanda kolwazi olungelona iqiniso lwezokwelapha ku-inthanethi kuyakhathaza. Odokotela abaningi basemtholampilo babika ukuthi iziguli eziningi ziya ngokuya zikhathazeka futhi zidideke ngenxa yezeluleko ezingamanga eziqanjwe ngenhloso yokuthola ukuchofozwa kuphela.”
UBrown uthe imiphumela yocwaningo nayo iyakhathaza, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-AI okudukisayo kungabalimaza ngempela abantu.
IHallam yahlaziya amavidiyo angu-1198, yakhetha amavidiyo angu-50 athandwa kakhulu emiphumeleni yosesho ngalunye lwamagama amaningi, okuhlanganisa “izeluleko zezempilo” kanye “nezeluleko zikadokotela”. Ucwaningo luphinde lwahlanganisa izeluleko ezijwayelekile ezingathinta izinqumo zokuphila, njengezezimali zomuntu siqu nezemfundo.
URuani uthe ukwanda okukhulu kwamavidiyo odokotela be-AI kwenza umphakathi ubhekane nokuqukethwe kwezokwelapha okungamanga ngezinga elithusayo, wengeza ngokuthi abanye abantu sebesebenzisa izindlela zezimboni ukuxhaphaza ukwethenjwa komphakathi.
Ngonyaka odlule, i-Savanta yenza ucwaningo egameni le-Healthwatch England, okuyinhlangano emele amalungelo eziguli, kubesilisa abangu-3575 nabesifazane abangu-3832 abaneminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu e-England. Ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezihlanu yabaphenduli ithola imininingwane yezempilo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.
UPate uthe: “Uma abantu bengakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kolwazi oluthembekile, ukukhangisa kwezentengiso nolwazi olungelona iqiniso, bangadukiswa, futhi impilo yabo ingalimala kakhulu ngenxa yalokho.”
Umkhulumeli we-TikTok uthe: “Ucwaningo lwenziwe yinkampani yokumaketha enezinzuzo zentengiso, ngakho imiphumela yalo ayikwazi ukukhombisa ngokunembile isimo sangempela se-TikTok. Sizosusa ulwazi olungelona iqiniso lwezempilo oluyingozi, okuhlanganisa okuqukethwe okukhiqizwe yi-AI, futhi sisebenzisana neWorld Health Organization kanye neNational Health Service yaseBrithani ukuze sinikeze ulwazi oluthembekile lwezempilo ngaphakathi kohlelo lokusebenza. Siyaqhubeka nokutshala izimali ezinsizeni zokufundisa ngokwazi nge-AI kanye nobuchwepheshe bokumaka okuqukethwe.”