Ngokombiko we-WIRED, kuneqembu elithile labantu elizonda ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kakhulu kunamanye emaqenjini asebenzisa inkundla i-Glassdoor yokufuna umsebenzi nokubuyekeza izindawo zokusebenza.
“Ukuphoqelela i-AI kuze kube sezingeni lokuthi abantu bangabe besasebenzisa imicabango nobuchopho babo kuyacasula ngempela,” kubhala omunye ekubuyekezweni okumelayo. Omunye wathi: “Yekani ukuphoqelela i-AI kuwo wonke umuntu.” Omunye wagxeka ngokuqondile: “Zonke izinhlelo ze-AI ezisetshenziswa yile nkampani ziyizibi.”
Okumangazayo ukuthi laba bantu ababhalile lezi zibuyekezo akubona izintatheli noma othisha, kodwa ngabahloli bezicelo zomshwalense.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwe-Glassdoor luthole ukuthi kubahloli bezicelo zomshwalense abakhuluma nge-AI lapho beshicilela ukubuyekeza, kufika ku-98% abanesimo sokuyigxeka. Lokhu kubenza babe phakathi kwamaqembu emisebenzi ayizonda kakhulu i-AI emakethe yezabasebenzi yaseMelika.
Ngokwalolu cwaningo, isikhalazo esivame kakhulu kubahloli bezicelo zomshwalense ukuthi “abaphathi abagxile ngokweqile ku-AI baphoqelela abasebenzi namakhasimende ukuthi basebenzise i-AI enamaphutha amaningi.” Uma i-AI iba nezinkinga emsebenzini wangempela, ngokuvamile kuba ngabahloli bezicelo okufanele balungise umonakalo.
U-Ahmad Jackson wake wabhekana nesimo esinjalo.
Cishe unyaka owodwa odlule, wayesebenza emnyangweni wezimangalo enkampanini enkulu yomshwalense. Ngaleso sikhathi, inkampani yanquma ukufaka i-AI esigabeni sombiko wokuqala wokulahleka, okusho ukuthi i-AI yayizosetshenziswa ukudala ifayela lesicelo nokuqoqa imininingwane lapho ikhasimende libika ingozi okokuqala.
Inkampani yayinethemba lokuthi lobu buchwepheshe buzuzisa abasebenzi kanye nabanomshwalense: izicelo ezilula zazizocutshungulwa ngokushesha, kanti izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zazidluliselwe kubasebenzi bangempela.
Kodwa empeleni akubanga njalo.
UJackson uthi yena nabanye abahloli bezicelo bazithola ngokuzumayo bebhekene nenqwaba yamacala ahlukaniswe kabi yi-AI, kwadingeka bawadlulisele futhi eminyangweni efanele.
Ngesikhathi efunda izifinyezo zezimangalo ezakhiwe yi-AI, waphinde wathola kaningi inkinga yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukubona izinto ezingekho.” Ngesikhathi edlulisa le mininingwane eyiphutha kubafaki bezicelo noma kubameli babo engazi, kwaba nguyena owagcina ebhekene nolaka lwamakhasimende.
Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, uJackson wasula emsebenzini wajoyina enye inkampani yomshwalense.
“I-AI ivame ukwenza amaphutha,” kusho uJackson etshela i-WIRED, “futhi empeleni yengeza umsebenzi kubahloli bezicelo.”
UGeoffrey Conrad, umphathi omkhulu embonini yezimangalo ovela e-Mobile, e-Alabama, naye uthi sekubonakala “ukukhathala yi-AI” ngaphakathi embonini. Uthe: “Sesikhathele yile AI elokhu ifakwa emsebenzini wethu.”
UChris Martin, isazi esiphezulu sezomnotho e-Glassdoor, wayengalindele ukuthi abahloli bezicelo zomshwalense bayizonde kangaka i-AI. Lapho ebona imiphumela yocwaningo, wathi waze waphinde wayiqinisekisa idatha, wabe eseqala uphenyo olunzulu.
UMartin wagcina efinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi imboni yezimangalo zomshwalense ibhekene noshintsho olukhulu.
I-Bureau of Labor Statistics yaseMelika (BLS) yabikezela ngo-2024 ukuthi eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo inani labahloli bezicelo zomshwalense eMelika lizokwehla ngabantu abangu-18,900, okuyokwehla cishe ngo-5%.
Ngokwemininingwane ye-Bureau of Labor Statistics yaseMelika, kusukela ngoMeyi 2025 kuya kuMeyi 2026, inani lemisebenzi kule mboni lehle kakhulu ngo-21%.
Isimo sibi nakakhulu kubahloli bezicelo abasanda kuqala imisebenzi yabo. Idatha ye-Glassdoor ikhombisa ukuthi kusukela ngo-2025, inani lezikhala zemisebenzi ezisezingeni lokuqala embonini yezimangalo zomshwalense lehle ngo-50%.
I-Bureau of Labor Statistics yaseMelika ibheka ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe njengenye yezinto ezibalulekile eziqhuba ukwehla kwenani lemisebenzi.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, izinkampani eziningi ezisungula i-AI zangena embonini yomshwalense. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Liberate ne-Pace zathola izimali eziyizigidi zama-dollar ngenxa yombono wazo “wokuguqula” imboni yomshwalense, kanti izinkampani zomshwalense zendabuko nazo zilokhu zandisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-AI ukuze ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bubambe iqhaza ekucubunguleni izicelo eziningi.
Empeleni, lokhu kungasho ukuthi lapho amakhasimende efaka izicelo, ngeke esakhuluma nomuntu, kodwa azoxhumana ngqo nerobhothi lengxoxo.
Ezimweni ezinjengokonakala kwendlu, izinkampani zomshwalense zingase zingasathumeli abasebenzi ukuthi bayohlola indawo, kodwa zivumele i-AI ihlaziye izithombe noma amavidiyo anikezwe ikhasimende, bese ilinganisela inani lenkokhelo.
Amakhulu wamakhasi amarekhodi ezokwelapha nawo anganikezwa i-AI ukuze iwafingqe futhi ikhiphe imininingwane ebalulekile.
Ngisho nezinhlelo ze-AI zezinkampani zomshwalense zingacubungula ngokuqondile izithombe, amavidiyo, imibhalo yobufakazi namarisidi alayishwe abanomshwalense, bese ziqedela ukuhlolwa futhi zikhiphe inkokhelo yesicelo ngemizuzwana embalwa.
Yilokho kanye inkampani yomshwalense i-Lemonade efisa ukukufeza.
Kusukela yasungulwa ngo-2015, i-Lemonade ibilokhu ithi ifisa ukusebenzisa “amarobhothi nokufunda komshini” ukuze ithathe indawo yezinqubo zokuphatha eziyinkimbinkimbi zomshwalense wendabuko.
Ekupheleni konyaka odlule, irobhothi lengxoxo i-AI Jim, elakhiwe yinkampani uqobo, lase licubungule u-96% yemibiko yokuqala yezimangalo, kanti uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lwabamba iqhaza ekucubunguleni cishe u-55% wazo zonke izimangalo.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinkampani zomshwalense zendabuko ezifana ne-State Farm zigcizelela ukuthi umsebenzi wokucubungula izimangalo usadinga ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi lwabantu nobuchwepheshe bedijithali.
Nokho, abanye abahloli bezicelo basakhathazekile ngokuthi empeleni basiza ukuqeqesha i-AI ezogcina ithathe indawo yabo.
Umkhulumeli we-Lemonade uPaul Staats uthe: “I-AI izothinta imisebenzi eminingi futhi ibe usongo emisebenzini eminingi ekhona embonini yomshwalense nakwezomnotho wonke.”
Nokho, ukholelwa futhi ukuthi ukuzenzakalela kungavumela abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile “ekuzwelaneni, ekunakekeleni nasolwazini lobungcweti” emacaleni ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
UStaats uphinde wathi lo mbiko we-Glassdoor “kufanele uthathwe ngokungathi sína yiyo yonke imboni yomshwalense.”
“Okwamanje awukho umsebenzi, futhi akukho nethemba elihle lomsebenzi elibonakalayo,” kusho uMartin, isazi esiphezulu sezomnotho e-Glassdoor.
Ngokwemininingwane ye-Glassdoor, lapho abasebenzi bezwa ukuthi ukudilizwa sekusondele, ukubuyekezwa abakushicilelayo kuvame ukuphikisana kakhulu ne-AI.
UMartin uthi lapho abasebenzi bekholelwa ukuthi inkampani iphoqelela kubo noma kumakhasimende umkhiqizo we-AI osezingeni eliphansi, nabo babonisa ukungabaza nokunganeliseki okukhulu nge-AI.
UConrad, umphathi omkhulu embonini yezimangalo, uthi ozakwabo abaningi bazizwa ngempela sengathi bathathelwa indawo amamodeli e-AI.
“I-AI iyithuluzi kuphela,” kusho yena, “akufanele neze inikwe amandla okulawula.”
Yebo, akubona bonke abahloli bezicelo abacabanga ukuthi i-AI ayinalusizo. UJackson uthi i-AI ingasiza eminye imisebenzi yokuphatha. Ngokwesibonelo, usebenzisa i-AI ukwenza eminye imisebenzi yocingo ayibheka “njengemincane,” njengokwelula i-oda lemoto eqashwe ikhasimende ngezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Umkhulumeli we-State Farm uJustin Tomczak naye uthi inkampani ifisa “ukunikeza ama-ejenti nabasebenzi be-State Farm amathuluzi angcono, ukuze bakwazi ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi benza izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu — ukusiza amakhasimende.”
Nokho, uSandy Avina, owake waba umhloli wezicelo futhi manje engumeluleki wemboni yomshwalense, uthi abahloli bezicelo “abanakho ukuzethemba okukhulu” emiphumeleni ye-AI. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kukhona ibala noma uphawu olufiphele embhalweni othunyelwe ngummeli, lokho kungabangela i-AI “ibone izinto ezingekho,” kugcine kuholele enkokhelweni eyiphutha.
Ngokufanayo, uma i-AI ishiya ngaphandle imininingwane ebalulekile lapho ifingqa umbiko wezokwelapha, inani lesinxephezelo lingase libe nephutha.
Okubi nakakhulu ukuthi amakhasimende ngokuvamile awazi ukuthi umsuka wangempela wolwazi oludidayo noma oluyiphutha yi-AI. Avame ukucabanga ukuthi umhloli wezicelo ophethe lelo cala nguye owenze iphutha.
UConrad uyazi ukuthi abantu abaningi abanawo umbono omuhle ngabahloli bezicelo zomshwalense, futhi abanye baze bababheke “njengamanqe angenazwela” azungeza ngemva kwezinhlekelele.
Kodwa uyagcizelela ukuthi umhloli omuhle wezicelo kufanele abe nozwela futhi azimisele ukwenza konke okusemandleni ukuze asize onomshwalense athole isinxephezelo esimfanele.